Search results for "fat distribution"

showing 10 items of 40 documents

Micro-albuminuria in obese subjects: relationship among body fat distribution, blood pressure and left ventricular structure and function.

1998

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationships among micro-albuminuria, blood pressure and measurements of left ventricular structure and function in centrally and peripherally obese subjects compared with members of a lean control group. METHODS: Centrally obese subjects were subdivided according to whether they had levels of micro-albuminuria higher than 30 mg/24 h (micro-albuminuric group) or lower than or equal to 30 mg/24 h (normo-albuminuric group). For all the subjects we measured heart rate, casual mean blood pressure (MBP), 24 h MBP, total cholesterol level, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, lipoprotein (a) level, fasting immunoreactive insulin level, plasma renin activity, plasma al…

Settore MED/09 - Medicina Internaobese subjects: body fat distributionblood pressureMicro-albuminurialeft ventricularSettore MED/45 - Scienze Infermieristiche Generali Cliniche E PediatricheSettore MED/11 - Malattie Dell'Apparato Cardiovascolarebody fat distribution; blood pressure; left ventricular [Micro-albuminuria; obese subjects]
researchProduct

Novel and known signals of selection for fat deposition in domestic sheep breeds from Africa and Eurasia

2018

International audience; Genomic regions subjected to selection frequently show signatures such as within-population reduced nucleotide diversity and outlier values of differentiation among differentially selected populations. In this study, we analyzed 50K SNP genotype data of 373 animals belonging to 23 sheep breeds of different geographic origins using the Rsb (extended haplotype homozygosity) and FST statistical approaches, to identify loci associated with the fat-tail phenotype. We also checked if these putative selection signatures overlapped with regions of high-homozygosity (ROH). The analyses identified novel signals and confirmed the presence of selection signature in genomic regio…

0301 basic medicineCandidate geneTopographyEuropean PeopleHeredity[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]Social SciencesGenome-wide association studyBreedingBiochemistryHomozygosityNucleotide diversityFatsSettore AGR/17 - Zootecnica Generale E Miglioramento GeneticoCell SignalingGenotypePsychologyEthnicitiesBody Fat Distribution2. Zero hungerMammalsIslandssheep fat tail SNP selection sigantures candidate genesMultidisciplinaryAnimal BehaviorQHomozygoteREukaryotaSingle Nucleotide04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesRuminantsPhenotypeLipidsBreedItalian PeopleAfrica; Animals; Asia; Genome-Wide Association Study; Genotype; Homozygote; Phenotype; Polymorphism Single Nucleotide; Sheep; Body Fat Distribution; Breeding; Selection GeneticPhenotypeVertebratesMedicineGenomic Signal ProcessingResearch ArticleSignal TransductionAsiaGenotypeScienceSingle-nucleotide polymorphismGenomicsQuantitative trait locusBiologyAnimal Sexual BehaviorPolymorphism Single NucleotideMolecular Genetics03 medical and health sciencesGeneticGeneticsSNPAnimalsPolymorphismSelection GeneticSelectionMolecular BiologySelection (genetic algorithm)BehaviorLandformsSheep0402 animal and dairy scienceOrganismsBiology and Life SciencesGeomorphologyCell Biology040201 dairy & animal science030104 developmental biologyEvolutionary biologyAmniotesPeople and PlacesAfricaEarth SciencesPopulation GroupingsZoologyGenome-Wide Association Study
researchProduct

Comparison of body mass index (BMI) with the CUN-BAE body adiposity estimator in the prediction of hypertension and type 2 diabetes

2016

BACKGROUND: Obesity is a world-wide epidemic whose prevalence is underestimated by BMI measurements, but CUN-BAE (Clínica Universidad de Navarra - Body Adiposity Estimator) estimates the percentage of body fat (BF) while incorporating information on sex and age, thus giving a better match. Our aim is to compare the BMI and CUN-BAE in determining the population attributable fraction (AFp) for obesity as a cause of chronic diseases. METHODS: We calculated the Pearson correlation coefficient between BMI and CUN-BAE, the Kappa index and the internal validity of the BMI. The risks of arterial hypertension (AHT) and diabetes mellitus (DM) and the AFp for obesity were assessed using both the BMI a…

Male:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Diagnosis::Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures::Physical Examination::Anthropometry [Medical Subject Headings]:Health Care::Environment and Public Health::Public Health::Epidemiologic Methods::Epidemiologic Study Characteristics as Topic::Epidemiologic Studies::Cross-Sectional Studies [Medical Subject Headings]ObesidadType 2 diabetesÍndice de masa corporalCUN-BAEBody Mass Index:Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Primates::Haplorhini::Catarrhini::Hominidae::Humans [Medical Subject Headings]Diabetes mellitus0302 clinical medicineMedicine030212 general & internal medicineBody mass indexAdiposity:Persons::Persons::Age Groups::Adult::Aged [Medical Subject Headings]education.field_of_studyDiabetisAnthropometryDiabetes:Diseases::Pathological Conditions Signs and Symptoms::Signs and Symptoms::Body Weight::Overweight::Obesity [Medical Subject Headings]Middle Aged:Anatomy::Tissues::Connective Tissue::Adipose Tissue [Medical Subject Headings]CausalityAdipose TissueBody fatHypertensionObesitatFemaleHipertensióResearch ArticleAdultmedicine.medical_specialty:Analytical Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Investigative Techniques::Anthropometry::Body Weights and Measures::Body Mass Index [Medical Subject Headings]Population:Check Tags::Male [Medical Subject Headings]030209 endocrinology & metabolismBody adiposity index:Health Care::Environment and Public Health::Public Health::Epidemiologic Factors::Causality [Medical Subject Headings]03 medical and health sciences:Diseases::Cardiovascular Diseases::Vascular Diseases::Hypertension [Medical Subject Headings]Population attributable fractionClassification of obesityInternal medicineHipertensiónHumansObesityeducation:Persons::Persons::Age Groups::Adult [Medical Subject Headings]Aged:Phenomena and Processes::Physiological Phenomena::Body Constitution::Body Composition::Body Fat Distribution::Adiposity [Medical Subject Headings]Body volume indexbusiness.industryPublic Health Environmental and Occupational Health:Diseases::Endocrine System Diseases::Diabetes Mellitus::Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 [Medical Subject Headings]:Persons::Persons::Age Groups::Adult::Middle Aged [Medical Subject Headings]medicine.diseaseObesityCross-Sectional StudiesEndocrinologyDiabetes Mellitus Type 2:Check Tags::Female [Medical Subject Headings]Attributable riskbusinessBody mass indexDemographyAntropometria
researchProduct

Effects of fasting on skeletal muscles and body fat of adult and old C57BL/6J mice

2021

Fasting improves metabolic health, but is also associated with loss of lean body mass. We investigated if old mice are less resistant to fasting-induce muscle wasting than adult mice. We compared changes in skeletal muscles and fat distribution in C57BL/6J mice subjected to 48-hour fasting at adult (6-month old) or old (24-month old) age. Old mice lost less weight (11.9 ± 1.5 vs 16.9 ± 2.8%, p  0.001) and showed less (p  0.01) pronounced muscle wasting than adult mice. Extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscle force decreased only in adult mice after fasting. Serum IGF-1 levels were higher (p  0.01) and showed greater (p  0.01) decline in adult mice compared to old mice. Phosphorylation of 4EB…

Agingmedicine.medical_specialtyC57bl 6jBiochemistryMiceEndocrinologyInternal medicineGeneticsAnimalsMedicineMuscle SkeletalMolecular BiologyWastingMetabolic healthbusiness.industrySkeletal muscleFastingCell BiologyFat distributionMuscle atrophyMice Inbred C57BLMuscular AtrophyEndocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structureAdipose TissueAgeingLean body massmedicine.symptombusinessExperimental Gerontology
researchProduct

Effects of hypocaloric diets with different glycemic indexes on endothelial function and glycemic variability in overweight and in obese adult patien…

2013

Background & aims: The role of glycemic index of the diet in glucose control and cardiovascular prevention is still not clear. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of hypocaloric diets with different glycemic indexes and glycemic loads on endothelial function and glycemic variability in nondiabetic participants at increased cardiovascular risk. Methods: Forty nondiabetic obese participants were randomly assigned to a three-month treatment with either a low glycemic index (LGI; n ¼ 19) or high glycemic index (HGI; n ¼ 21) hypocaloric diet with similar macronutrient and fiber content. Endothelial function was measured as flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) of the brachial artery befo…

AdultBlood GlucoseMalemedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentBrachial ArteryOverweightCritical Care and Intensive Care MedicineGastroenterologyBody Mass IndexYoung AdultInsulin resistanceRisk FactorsWeight lossInternal medicineWeight LossGlycemic loadDiabetes MellitusmedicineBody Fat DistributionHumansInsulinendothelial function glycemic variability diet glycemic index glycemic load cardiovascular riskEndotheliumObesitySettore MED/49 - Scienze Tecniche Dietetiche ApplicateCaloric RestrictionGlycemicNutrition and Dieteticsbusiness.industryMiddle AgedOverweightmedicine.diseaseGlycemic indexEndocrinologyCardiovascular DiseasesGlycemic IndexBody CompositionFemaleInsulin Resistancemedicine.symptomEnergy IntakebusinessBody mass indexDietingClinical Nutrition
researchProduct

Maternal Caloric Restriction Implemented during the Preconceptional and Pregnancy Period Alters Hypothalamic and Hippocampal Endocannabinoid Levels a…

2016

Journal Article; Exposure to inadequate nutritional conditions in critical windows of development has been associated to disturbances on metabolism and behavior in the offspring later in life. The role of the endocannabinoid system, a known regulator of energy expenditure and adaptive behaviors, in the modulation of these processes is unknown. In the present study, we investigated the impact of exposing rat dams to diet restriction (20% less calories than standard diet) during pre-gestational and gestational periods on: (a) neonatal outcomes; (b) endocannabinoid content in hypothalamus, hippocampus and olfactory bulb at birth; (c) metabolism-related parameters; and (d) behavior in adult mal…

0301 basic medicineLitter (animal)hippocampuschemistry.chemical_compoundBehavioral Neuroscience0302 clinical medicineMaternal urdernutrition:Phenomena and Processes::Metabolic Phenomena::Body Composition::Body Fat Distribution::Adiposity [Medical Subject Headings]rathypothalamus:Phenomena and Processes::Reproductive and Urinary Physiological Phenomena::Reproductive Physiological Phenomena::Reproductive Physiological Processes::Reproduction::Pregnancy [Medical Subject Headings]Original Research:Psychiatry and Psychology::Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms::Adaptation Psychological [Medical Subject Headings]Endocannabinoid systemOlfactory BulbEndocannabinoidesNeuropsychology and Physiological PsychologyAdiposidadGestationmedicine.symptomRestricción calórica:Chemicals and Drugs::Lipids::Fatty Acids::Fatty Acids Unsaturated::Arachidonic Acids [Medical Subject Headings]medicine.medical_specialtyOffspringEmbarazo:Phenomena and Processes::Physiological Phenomena::Nutritional Physiological Phenomena::Diet::Energy Intake::Caloric Restriction [Medical Subject Headings]Cognitive NeuroscienceHypothalamusBiologyDevelopmentlcsh:RC321-57103 medical and health sciencesAnsiedadRatasHyppocampusInternal medicinemedicineHipocampoÁcidos araquidónicos:Anatomy::Nervous System::Central Nervous System::Brain::Limbic System::Hippocampus [Medical Subject Headings]endocannabinoids:Psychiatry and Psychology::Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms::Emotions::Anxiety [Medical Subject Headings]lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatrydevelopmentPregnancyPalmitoylethanolamideBehavior:Chemicals and Drugs::Chemical Actions and Uses::Pharmacologic Actions::Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action::Neurotransmitter Agents::Endocannabinoids [Medical Subject Headings]behaviorMetabolismo Energético:Phenomena and Processes::Metabolic Phenomena::Metabolism::Energy Metabolism [Medical Subject Headings]maternal undernutrition:Anatomy::Nervous System::Central Nervous System::Brain::Limbic System::Hypothalamus [Medical Subject Headings]medicine.diseaseAdaptación psicológicaOlfactory bulb030104 developmental biologyEndocrinologyMetabolism:Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Rodentia::Muridae::Murinae::Rats [Medical Subject Headings]chemistryRatWeight gainmetabolism030217 neurology & neurosurgeryHipotálamoEndocannabinoidsNeuroscienceFrontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience
researchProduct

Clinical indications and proper use of Visceral Adiposity Index.

2013

Index (economics)Endocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismMedicine (miscellaneous)PhysiologyIntra-Abdominal FatTriglycerides bloodBody Mass Indexchemistry.chemical_compoundBody Fat DistributionHumansMedicineTriglyceridesAdiposityBody fat distributionVisceral Adiposity IndexNutrition and DieteticsCholesterolbusiness.industryCholesterol HDLCholesterol LDLModels TheoreticalchemistryWaist CircumferenceCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicinebusinessBody mass index
researchProduct

Assessing body composition with DXA and bioimpedance: effects of obesity, physical activity, and age.

2008

Objective: This study evaluated to what extent dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and two types of bioimpedance analysis (BIA) yield similar results for body fat mass (FM) in men and women with different levels of obesity and physical activity (PA). Methods and Procedures: The study population consisted of 37–81-year-old Finnish people (82 men and 86 women). FM% was estimated using DXA (GE Lunar Prodigy) and two BIA devices (InBody (720) and Tanita BC 418 MA). Subjects were divided into normal, overweight, and obese groups on the basis of clinical cutoff points of BMI, and into low PA (LPA) and high PA (HPA) groups. Agreement between the devices was calculated by using the Bland–Altman …

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyEndocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismPhysical activityMedicine (miscellaneous)OverweightBody weightFat massEndocrinologyAbsorptiometry PhotonSex FactorsmedicineElectric ImpedanceBody Fat DistributionHumansObesityExerciseFinlandAgedNutrition and Dieteticsbusiness.industryAge FactorsReproducibility of ResultsNormal BMIMiddle AgedOverweightmedicine.diseaseObesityBioimpedance AnalysisPhysical therapyBody CompositionPopulation studyFemalemedicine.symptombusinessAlgorithmsObesity (Silver Spring, Md.)
researchProduct

2018

Recent studies suggest that exercise alters the gut microbiome. We determined whether six-weeks endurance exercise, without changing diet, affected the gut metagenome and systemic metabolites of overweight women. Previously sedentary overweight women (n = 19) underwent a six-weeks endurance exercise intervention, but two were excluded due to antibiotic therapy. The gut microbiota composition and functions were analyzed by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and metagenomics. Body composition was analyzed with DXA X-ray densitometer and serum metabolomics with NMR metabolomics. Total energy and energy-yielding nutrient intakes were analyzed from food records using Micro-Nutrica software. Serum…

0301 basic medicineMicrobiology (medical)Very low-density lipoproteinbiologyCholesterolPhysiologyAkkermansia030229 sport sciencesGut floraOverweightbiology.organism_classificationMicrobiology03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compound030104 developmental biology0302 clinical medicinechemistryEndurance trainingmedicineAndroid fat distributionMicrobiomemedicine.symptomFrontiers in Microbiology
researchProduct

Visceral adiposity in patients with psoriatic arthritis and psoriasis alone and its relationship with metabolic and cardiovascular risk

2020

Abstract Background Fat mass distribution, especially in the abdominal visceral region, has been rarely evaluated in patients with PsA or psoriasis (PsO). Methods Patients with PsA and patients with PsO alone were evaluated and compared with control subjects (1:1 ratio in each patient group) matched for age, sex and BMI category. Body composition and fat distribution (android and visceral fat) were evaluated by DXA. Anthropometric measurements, disease activity and the systematic coronary risk evaluation (SCORE) cardiovascular risk were assessed. Metabolic parameters (insulin, homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance), serum adipokines [total and high-molecular-weight adiponectin…

LeptinMalemedicine.medical_specialtyAdipokineIntra-Abdominal FatGastroenterologyBody Mass Index030207 dermatology & venereal diseases03 medical and health sciencesPsoriatic arthritisSex Factors0302 clinical medicineInsulin resistanceAdipokinesRheumatologyInternal medicinemedicineHumansInsulinPsoriasisResistinPharmacology (medical)030203 arthritis & rheumatologyAdiponectinbusiness.industryArthritis PsoriaticAge FactorsMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseObesityHeart Disease Risk FactorsCase-Control StudiesObesity AbdominalMultivariate AnalysisBody CompositionFemaleResistinAndroid fat distributionInsulin ResistanceMetabolic syndromebusinessRetinol-Binding Proteins PlasmaRheumatology
researchProduct